02-2-1151-2025
   


Development of Advanced Detectors and Analysis Methods,
Hadronic and Rare Leptonic Processes

  

Theme Leader:

Yu.I. Davydov

Participating countries and international organizations:
Azerbaijan, Belarus, France, Italy,  Japan, Russia, Switzerland, Uzbekistan.

The problem under study and the main purpose of the research:
Development of experimental elementary particle physics proceeds in two main directions - increasing the energy of particle beams and their intensity. This requires the use of new materials, development of promising detectors and methods for registering particles, and development of new methods for data analysis. The theme joins efforts aimed at developing new detectors and new approaches for registering and identifying particles in future experiments, as well as activities aimed at studying leptonic and hadronic processes.

 
Project in the theme:
  Name of the project Project Leader
Project code
Laboratory    Responsible from laboratories Status
1. Development of a particle registration technique in future experiments with the participation of JINR Yu.I. Davydov
Deputy:
Yu. A. Kulchitsky

02-2-1151-1-2025/2025

R&D
Realization
DLNP K.G. Afanasiev, A.M. Artikov, N.V. Atanov, O.S. Atanova, V.Yu. Baranov, A.V. Boikov,  D. Chokheli, K.I. Gritsay, N.A. Guseinov, V.I. Kiseeva, N.V. Khomutov, N.P. Kravchuk, V.A. Krylov, N.A. Kuchinsky, E.S. Kuzmin, V.L. Malyshev, V.D. Moskalenko, E.M. Plotnikova, V.A. Rogozin, A.V. Simonenko, A.N. Shalyugin, I.A. Suslov, P.V. Tereshko, A.D. Tropina,  I.I. Vasilyev, I.Yu. Zimin
VBLHEP T.L. Enik, A.O. Kolesnikov, C.A. Movchan
FLNP M.V. Bulavin
 
Brief annotation and scientific rationale:
The development of experimental elementary particle physics requires the use of new materials,  development of advanced detectors and particle registration techniques, and development of new data analysis methods. 

The aim of the project is to develop detector systems for accelerator experiments and new approaches to registering and identifying particles. The project envisages development of a methodology for creating and studying promising detectors. Work will be carried out to develop new gas detectors and study their parameters, and create and study prototypes of calorimeters using both organic scintillators and crystals.

The goals set in the project are aimed at solving problems arising in future collider experiments at the Super c-tau factory (SCT) in Russia, the Super τ-Charm facility (STCF) and the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) in China, as well as at fixed-target accelerators at intermediate and high energies, and in the Mu2e-II and Comet search experiments. Special requirements are imposed on detectors planned for use in high-load conditions (intensity frontier) and/or high-energy conditions (energy frontier). Both require radiation-hard, high-speed detectors capable of operating effectively in harsh radiation environments. 

Expected results upon completion of the project:
Microstructured gas detectors of the Micromegas and well types (RWELL) with a resistive anode made of DLC coating (diamond-like carbon) will be developed and investigated; prototypes of a sectioned electromagnetic calorimeter using LYSO and other types of crystals will be modelled, built and tested; new data on the radiation resistance of crystals used in electromagnetic calorimeters will be obtained; circuits will be developed, low-noise radiation-resistant preamplifiers on discrete GaN (GaAs) elements for SiPMs will be modelled and manufactured and their radiation resistance will be studied; new heterogeneous detectors for recording thermal neutrons with the sensitivity to gamma quanta suppressed by 2-3 orders of magnitude will be developed.

The design of the structures will be developed, prototypes of electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter modules will be created, their studies will be conducted on cosmic muons and in accelerator beams, and the test results will be compared with the predictions of Monte Carlo models for prototypes and full-scale calorimeter modules.

Expected results of the project this year:
Creation of prototypes of microstructure detectors of the Micromegas type and the well-type electron multiplier (RWELL) with a resistive anode made of DLC coating and conducting studies on resistance to multiple electrical discharges. Development and creation of a prototype of a coordinate detector using bulk micromegas technology with a DLC coating with a small amount of substance for an ion beam monitoring system.

Creation of two-coordinate straw detectors with a resistive high-voltage internal cathode and study of their parameters.

Study of the properties of BaF2 and LYSO crystal samples before and after irradiation with a gamma radiation source. Study of the optical properties of crystal samples before and after irradiation with a Linac-800 electron beam. Irradiation of GaN transistors with a gamma radiation source, study of the properties of transistors before and after irradiation.

Development of a preamplifier for signal pickup from SiPMs and study of the properties of individual LYSO crystals (1x1x4 cm3) using it on the Linac-800 electron beam. Development of radiation-resistant electronic units for connecting SiPMs to obtain a time resolution better than 100 ps and their  electron beam testing.

Creation of new scintillation heterogeneous materials based on zinc sulfide, lithium fluoride and boron oxide crystals for recording thermal neutrons, modelling and studying their properties in neutron beams.

Development of software and mathematical support for Monte Carlo modelling and analysis of experimental data for prototypes and full-scale modules of electromagnetic calorimeters for planned experiments at future accelerators. Modelling of calorimeter prototypes for geometry optimization, and determining the influence of optical properties of scintillators and wavelength-shifting fibers, and dead matter on the resolution of calorimeters.

 
Activities of the theme:
  Name of the activity Leaders Implementation period
Laboratory     Responsible from laboratories Status
1. T2К-II Yu.I. Davydov

2024-2025

R&D
Realization
DLNP  A.M. Artikov, O.S. Atanova, V.Yu. Baranov, A.V. Boikov,  N.V. Khomutov, V.I. Kiseeva, A.V. Krasnoperov, V.L. Malyshev, B.A. Popov, I.A. Suslov, V.V. Tereschenko, S.V. Tereschenko, I.I. Vasilyev
BLTP  G.A.Kozlov
VBLHEP A.O. Kolesnikov

Brief annotation and scientific rationale: 
Investigation of CP violation in the lepton sector with a significance of 3σ or higher for the case of large CP violation with more accurate measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters.

Expected results upon completion of the activity: 
Use of the upgraded near detector of the T2K experiment for detailed study of neutrino interaction properties and more accurate measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters. The T2K-II experimental program will eventually allow statistics up to 10x1021 protons on target to be collected, in order to measure the neutrino mixing parameters, Θ23 and Δm232, with an accuracy of 1.7º or better and 1%, respectively. 

Expected results of the activity this year:
Participation in data collection runs at the J-PARC accelerator using the upgraded near detector of the T2K experiment.

 Analysis of experimental data for more accurate measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters.

 Search for light dark matter using near detector data.
2. Mu2e Yu.I. Davydov

2024-2025

R&D
Realization
DLNP A.M. Artikov, N.V. Atanov, O.S. Atanova, V.Yu. Baranov, A.V. Boikov, V.V. Glagolev, V.I. Kiseeva, V.L. Malyshev, A.N. Shalyugin, I.A. Suslov,  I.I. Vasilyev, I.Yu. Zimin
BLTP  G.A. Kozlov
VBLHEP A.O. Kolesnikov

Brief annotation and scientific rationale: 
The Mu2e experiment is aimed at searching for a process with lepton number violation for charged leptons µ-N→e-N, which is a coherent conversion of a muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus. At the non-zero neutrino mass this process is possible, but remains unobservable, since the probability is proportional to (Δm2ij/M2W)2, where Δm2ij is the difference between the squares of the masses of the eigenstates of the ith and jth neutrinos, and MW is the mass of the W boson. The predicted probability for the process μ-N→ e-N is ~ 10-50. This process is a theoretically perfect target for new physics searches. In many new physics models that include massive neutrinos, the probabilities of these processes increase significantly and become observable.

Expected results upon completion of the activity: 
The data collection will be carried out in two runs, with a two-year interval. In the first run it is planned to collect 6×1016 stopped muons. In the absence of μ-→е- conversion events, a new limit on this process will be set at Rμe < 6.2×10-16 (90% CL), which is three orders of magnitude lower than the current limit Rμe < 7×10-13 (90% CL) set by the SINDRUM II experiment.

In the second stage of the data collection, it is planned to lower the limit on μ-→е- conversion by another order of magnitude.


Expected results of the activity this year:
Participation in the preparation of a research program on a muon beam.

 Participation in the preparation of software for data analysis.

3. MEG-II N.V. Khomutov

2024-2025

Realization
Data taking
Data processing
DLNP K. Afanasiev, N.P. Kravchuk, V.A. Krylov, N.A. Kuchinsky, V.L. Malyshev, A.M. Rozhdestvensky
VBLHEP A.O. Kolesnikov

Brief annotation and scientific rationale: 
The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics predicts a vanishingly small probability (< 10−50) of processes violating the conservation of lepton number for charged leptons. Therefore, the detection of such processes is an absolute indication of the presence of new physics beyond the SM, and their absence imposes a limitation on theories beyond the SM. The decay μ+ → e+ γ is especially sensitive to such new physics. The MEG II experiment is the second phase of the MEG experiment to search for the decay μ+ → e+ γ on the high-intensity (7 × 107 muons/s) beam of the HIPA accelerator at PSI (Switzerland). Thanks to a deep modernization of the facility, it is planned to improve the record upper bound for the decay probability obtained earlier in the first phase of the experiment by approximately an order of magnitude.

Expected results upon completion of the activity: 
Processing of the full data set collected in 2021-2026. If the μ+ → e+ γ decay is not detected, the existing constraint on the decay probability B(μ+ → e+ γ) < 4,2 × 10−13 (90% C. L.) will be improved to a level of ~ 6.0 × 10−14.

Expected results of the activity this year:
Continuation of data collection.

Commissioning of the new drift chamber.

Completion of processing of experimental data collected in 2022-2023 and publication of intermediate results.
4. "CERN Neutrino platform" B.A. Popov

2024-2025

Data taking
Data processing
DLNP N.V. Atanov, A.V. Krasnoperov, V.L. Malyshev, V.V. Tereschenko, S.V. Tereschenko
VBLHEP A.O. Kolesnikov

Brief annotation and scientific rationale: 
To predict spectra and fluxes of neutrinos and antineutrinos in new-generation accelerator experiments (Hyper-Kamiokande, DUNE, etc.) with an accuracy of better than 5%, it is necessary to conduct studies using CERN hadron beams to measure yields of hadrons in proton-nucleus and pion-nucleus interactions. 

Expected results upon completion of the activity: 
Participation in the creation and testing of prototype detectors for new-generation neutrino experiments.

Research on measuring hadron yields in proton-nucleus and pion-nucleus interactions to predict neutrino and antineutrino spectra and fluxes in accelerator experiments. 


Expected results of the activity this year:
Participation in the collection and analysis of experimental data at CERN beams.

 Development of software for data processing and analysis.
 
 
 
Collaboration
Country or International Organization City Institute or laboratory
Azerbaijan Baku IP ANAS
    IRP ANAS
Belarus Minsk INP BSU
    IP NASB
    IPE NASB
France Paris LPTHE
Italy Frascati INFN LNF
  Pisa INFN
Japan Tokai JAEA
  Tokyo UT
Russia Moscow, Troitsk INR RAS
Switzerland Villigen PSI
Uzbekistan Samarkand SamSU